Enfermedad litiásica biliar

  1. Fernández, R. Mejuto
  2. Senra, N. Vallejo
  3. Ríos, E. Flores
  4. Mauriz Barreiro, V.
  5. Domínguez-Muñoz, J.E.
Revista:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Ano de publicación: 2020

Serie: 13

Número: 9

Páxinas: 488-496

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.1016/J.MED.2020.05.027 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Outras publicacións en: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Resumo

Resumen Entre un 5 y un 15% de la población occidental presenta litiasis biliar. La mayoría de los cálculos están formados por colesterol y se crean en el interior de la vesícula, desde donde pueden migrar a la vía biliar, causando eventualmente cuadros obstructivos y otras complicaciones. El diagnóstico de la enfermedad litiásica biliar se basa en datos clínicos, analíticos y de imagen. La primera prueba diagnóstica es la ecografía abdominal, muy sensible para el diagnóstico de colelitiasis. En la mayoría de las ocasiones, la colelitiasis es asintomática y no requiere ningún tratamiento específico. Cuando da lugar a síntomas o complicaciones, está indicada la realización de una colecistectomía. Se recomienda la extracción de cualquier coledocolitiasis diagnosticada, aunque sea asintomática, dada la gravedad de sus potenciales complicaciones (colangitis y pancreatitis aguda), siendo el método de elección la colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE). Five to 15% of the western population presents cholelithiasis. Most calculi are formed from cholesterol and are created inside the gallbladder, where they can migrate to the bile duct, eventually causing obstructive conditions and other complications. The diagnosis of biliary stone disease is based on clinical, laboratory and imaging data. The first diagnostic test is abdominal ultrasonography, which is highly sensitive for diagnosing cholelithiasis. In most cases, the cholelithiasis is asymptomatic and requires no specific treatment. When the disease causes symptoms or complications, cholecystectomy is indicated. The recommendation is to extract any diagnosed choledocholithiasis, even if it is asymptomatic, given the severity of its potential complications (cholangitis and acute pancreatitis). The method of choice is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

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Fonte de datos: Dialnet