Cambios en el perfil circadiano de la presión arterial en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 o glucemia basal alterada

Resumo

Title: Changes in the circadian profile of blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes or altered basal blood glucose. Objective: We intend to compare the ABPM of patients with DM or impaired fasting glucose (IFG) who do not receive antihypertensive drug treatment, after 1 year of mean follow-up, compared to patients without DM or IFG. Design: Observational study that compares the ABPM of patients with diabetes or GBA who do not receive antihypertensive pharmacological treatment and who have a second follow-up ABPM, versus patients without diabetes or GBA with the same conditions. Site: Primary Care. Participants: A sample of 130 series with 2 ABPM (initial and final) is included, 42 correspond to patients with DM or IFG and 88 to patients without DM or IFG from the Vilanova de Arousa Health Center, all of them without antihypertensive treatment. Results: At the beginning, patients with DM or IFG have a dipper pattern in 71.4% (95% CI 70.0-72.9) of the cases and non dipper in 26.2% (95% CI 25.3-27, 1). After 1 year of average follow-up, 59.5% (95% CI 57.2-61.9) are dipper and 40.5% (95% CI 38.6-42.4) are non dipper, these differences being significant. At the beginning, patients without DM or IFG are 60.2% dipper (95% CI 58.6-61.8) and 33% non dipper (95% CI 31.8-34.2), after 1 year of follow-up they are dipper 62.5% (CI% 60.9-64.1) and non dipper 33% (95% CI 31.8-34.2), non-significant differences. Conclusions: There is a change towards a non-dipper pattern in patients with DM or IFG versus patients without DM or IFG, after 1 year of mean follow-up, in patients without antihypertensive treatment. Habits changes are achieved that result in a significant decrease in cardiovascular risk in patients with DM or IFG.