Síndrome confusional agudo

  1. Fernández Herranz, J. 1
  2. García-Espona Pancorbo, A. 1
  3. Castuera Gil, A.I. 1
  4. Miguens Blanco, I. 1
  1. 1 Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
Revista:
Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

ISSN: 0304-5412

Ano de publicación: 2023

Título do exemplar: Urgencias (IV):Urgencias neurológicas y endocrinometabólicas. Código sepsis

Serie: 13

Número: 90

Páxinas: 5317-5325

Tipo: Artigo

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Outras publicacións en: Medicine: Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado

Resumo

El síndrome confusional agudo o delirium es una patología frecuente en pacientes ancianos hospitalizados. Hay una serie de factores predisponentes (el más importante, la patología neurológica previa) y otros que actúan como desencadenantes, fundamentalmente cuadros infecciosos y mal control del dolor. Existe un delirium hiperactivo en el que predomina la agitación psicomotriz y otro hipoactivo en el que hay una disminución del nivel de conciencia, pudiendo pasar desapercibido. El diagnóstico es clínico, siendo necesaria la realización de una batería de pruebas con una anamnesis y exploración detalladas. El tratamiento se basa en la corrección de la causa desencadenante, medidas no farmacológicas y la utilización de antipsicóticos. El pronóstico suele ser favorable, siendo un cuadro reversible en la mayoría de los casos, aunque comporta mal pronóstico. Su aparición puede preceder la aparición de demencia a largo plazo.

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Fonte de datos: Dialnet